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GLOSSARY OF FOREST TERMINOLOGY FACULTY OF FORESTRY 



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This forest terminology largely follows that, contained 

 in the British Commonwealth Forest Terminology, or the Forest 

 Terminology of the Society of American Foresters. Where these 

 references have not been in agreement, the definition more suit- 

 able to the condition in Ontario has been used. Certain terms 

 in this glossary either are not found in, or are not in agreement 

 with, theso texts. Such terms are marked with an asterisk. 



ADVANCE GROviiTH. Young trees which have become established natur- 

 ally in openings in the forest, or under the forest-cover, 

 before the cuttings for regeneration are begun. (BCFT) 



AGE-CLASS. One of the intervals into which the range of age of 

 trees growing in a forest is divided for classification 

 or use; also the trees falling into such an interval. 

 (BCFT) 



AGE, MATURE. The age at which an individual tree or stand attains 



the size required to fulfil the objects of management. (SAF) 



AGE, STAND. The average age of the dominant and co-dominant trees 

 in a stand. (BCFT) 



ALLOWABLE CUT. The amount of forest produce, howsoever measured, 

 that can be cut in a given period under sustained yield 

 management. (BCFT) 



ALLOWABLE CUT by AREA. A method of controlling the annual or perio- 

 dic cut from a forest on the basis of area. (SAF) 



ALLOWABLE CUT by VOLUME. A method of controlling the annual or 

 periodic cut from a forest on the basis of the volume of 

 growing stock and increment, using formulae and disregarding 

 area (SAF). 



ANNUAL CUT. The c.mov.nt of forest produce cut or prescribed to be 

 cut on a given fore si area in a year. (BCFT) 



ASPECT. The direction toward which a slope faces (SAF). 



BARREN and SCATTERED. Productive forest land v/hich, because of 



natural or artificial disturbance, contains only scattered 

 trees or no trees at all with either shrub cover or bare 

 soil, but no significant amount of regeneration. Treat- 

 ment is required to restore such areas to productivity.* 



BASAL AREA. The area of the cross-section of a stem, usually of 

 a tree at breast height. (BCFT) 



CANOPY. The cover of branches and foliage formed by tree crowns 

 (BCFT) 



CANOPY, CLOSED. A canopy in which the individual tree crowns are 

 in general contact with one another. (BCFT) 



