VACCINE-THERAPY 185 



extensively involved. On the contrary, no macroscopical 

 lesions may be present in the lungs themselves, while the 

 glands may be affected. 



Extension often takes place to the pleura, and adhesion of 

 the parietal and visceral layers are common. Characteristic 

 grey nodules are also common on the pleural membrane, 

 appearing as grape-like growths, being the condition known 

 among butchers, etc., as " grapes." When the glands of the 

 throat are affected, they appear as circumscribed growths, 

 and when cut into usually emit a grey creamy pus mixed 

 with calcareous deposits which grate against the knife. 



The abdominal organs are also often extensively diseased. 



The intestinal mucosa, particularly in young calves 

 reared upon tubercular milk, shows ulceration, and in 

 addition, particularly in adult animals, the mesenteric 

 glands become diseased, are enlarged, caseous, and, later, 

 calcareous. 



The liver is commonly the seat of tubercular nodules, and 

 sometimes attains to an enormous size. These nodules are 

 generally full of pus. 



The spleen, also, and kidneys may be similarly affected. 



The generative organs also become involved. In the cow 

 the uterus and Fallopian tubes may contain a huge mass of 

 tubercular nodules, giving it the appearance of a gravid 

 uterus, and the ovaries also may be extensively diseased. 



The mammary gland is a common seat of the disease, 

 where it is characterized by the formation of one or more 

 nodular growths affecting one or more quarters. The 

 formation of small tubercles scattered through the paren- 

 chyma, and only detected upon section of the gland, is 

 commonly seen in practice. A kind of interstitial mammitis 

 in some cases is set up, in which case the organ becomes 

 enlarged, firm, and fibrous, and cuts with difficulty. 



The lymphatic glands in connection with the udder are 

 always involved and caseous when the mamma is diseased. 



