APPENDIX II 

 ADDITIONAL NOTES 



The Bacteriology of "Whistling and Roaring." 



On p. 157 we discussed incidentally the advisability of 

 using prophylactic sero-vaccines in cases of influenza and 

 strangles, with the view not only of saving life and 

 shortening the attack, but also preventing the occurrence 

 of roaring as a sequel. It may not, therefore, be out of 

 place here to briefly discuss a phase of the etiology which, 

 so far as we know, has not obtained the prominence it 

 demands or the investigation it deserves. 



The anatomical arrangement of the horse's larynx with 

 its peculiar nerve-supply, the general conformation of the 

 neck and chest, the exerting character of the work hunters 

 and blood horses are called upon to perform, must ever 

 remain exciting causes in the production of the conditions 

 known as " whistling " and " roaring " proper. The actual 

 cause, we venture to think, is attributed to the specific 

 action of bacteria and their products in the majority of cases. 



The inflammatory sore throat one sees in practice is due 

 to bacteria. The nasal, laryngeal, and pharyngeal catarrhs 

 are bacterial in origin; influenza, bronchitis, pneumonia, 

 and pleurisy are all caused by specific micro-organisms, 

 and we know roaring is a common sequel to any or all of 

 these conditions. Horses also are liable to become 

 grunters following upon these conditions, and grunting 

 invariably is the precursor of roaring. 



The fact that a horse grunts when " ribbed " suggests 

 a general derangement of the nervous system, the nature 

 of this derangement being hyper-sensitiveness, owing to 

 malnutrition and a consequent probable toxEemic neuritis. 



In addition to these constitutional disturbances we must 

 also look to local conditions. There we find the laryngeal 



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