126 GEOLOGY 



ficole des Fonts et Chaussees; he has published several 

 important volumes treating of the origin of the minerals 

 in ore deposits. 



LE CHATELIER, URBAIN, and MATIGNON are primarily 

 chemists, but they have made various contributions to 

 mineralogy, especially from the chemical point of view. 

 LE CHATELIER and URBAIN are at the University of 

 Paris; MATIGNON is at the College de France. 



Outside of Paris. One of the most prominent mineral- 

 ogists is G. FRIEDEL at the ficole des Mines of Saint 

 fitienne at Lyon, who has done notable experimental 

 work with the zeolites, and has published works on 

 crystallography. At the University of Montpellier, miner- 

 alogy is in charge of CURIE, who studied the eruptive 

 rocks of Algeria, and has been associated in some work 

 on piezo-electricity with the discoverer of radium. At 

 the University of Nancy, THOULET has made studies of 

 the physical and chemical properties of microscopic 

 minerals. Joseph CARALP is professor of mineralogy at 

 the University of Toulouse. At Nancy, the Institute of 

 Geology trains mining engineers. 



From a petrographic point of view the University of 

 Lille is the most important institution outside of Paris. 

 It is here that BARROIS is professor of geology, and 

 OFFRET professor of mineralogy. BARROIS has described 

 in detail the contact metamorphism of sandstones, 

 shales, and limestones, and OFFRET has made petrographic 

 studies of certain rocks and minerals. 



