ROMANCE PHILOLOGY 225 



printing of texts has been continued by the "Societe 

 des anciens textes frangais," founded in 1876. Provencal 

 is represented by the "Bibliotheque meridionale " and the 

 "Annales du Midi" (1889-). 



As to the historical and critical study of modern 

 French literature, its glorious career, from VILLEMAIN to 

 LANSON, is too familiar to require specification. It is 

 enough to recall such names as SAINTE-BEUVE, TAINE, 

 RENAN, SCHERER, BRUNETIERE, LEMAITRE, FAGUET. 

 Aside from the more popular magazines, some of the prin- 

 cipal journals today are the "Revue d'histoire litteraire de 

 la France" (1894-), the "Revue du seizieme siecle" 

 (1913-, succeeding the "Revue des etudes rabelaisiennes, " 

 1903-12), the "Revue du dix-huitieme siecle" (1913-). 

 The study of letters from the comparative standpoint 

 first emphasized by Madame de STAEL has been suc- 

 cessfully pursued of late by J. TEXTE, E. BOUVY, F. 

 BALDENSPERGER, E. PICOT, E. ESTEVE, P. HAZARD, E. 

 HAUMANT, J. VIANEY, E. MARTINENCHE. 



Italian and Spanish studies, too, have flourished for a 

 hundred years. The nine volumes of P. L. GINGUENE'S 

 "Histoire litteraire d'ltalie (1811-19), A. F. OZANAM'S 

 masterly treatises on "Dante et la philosophic catholique 

 au XIIF siecle" (1839) and "Les Poetes franciscains en 

 Italic" (1852), and the two posthumous volumes of 

 Claude FAURIEL, on "Dante et les origines de la langue 

 et de la litterature italiennes" (1854), were followed by a 

 procession of authoritative works on the history, art, 

 music, and letters of Italy. Especially noteworthy, for 

 the literary side, are the researches of E. GEBHART on 

 the Renaissance, the mystics, and the story-writers; 

 those of C. DEJOB on the influence of religious ideas; 

 and those of E. PICOT on the relations between France 

 and Italy in the i6th century; the books on Petrarch by 

 A. MEZEERES, P. de NOLHAC, H. COCHIN, and J. VIANEY; 



