292 POLITICAL SCIENCE 



The Academy of Moral and Political Sciences, one of 

 the five academies of the Institute of France, is a body 

 composed of a small select group of the most distin- 

 guished scholars, which devotes itself to the study of 

 questions of legal and political science and which offers 

 prizes for noteworthy productions. The proceedings of 

 the Academy are published, and constitute in the aggre- 

 gate a valuable body of literature on the subject with 

 which they deal. 



Still another learned society which may be mentioned 

 in this connection is the Societe generate des Prisons. 

 It is composed mainly of professors of criminal law, crimin- 

 ology, and penology, magistrates, lawyers, and adminis- 

 trators of prisons, and is devoted to the study of ques- 

 tions of criminal law, penology, and the administration 

 of penal institutions. The Society publishes a valuable 

 monthly periodical, the "Revue penitentiaire et de droit 

 penal," of which 40 volumes have appeared. 



The Institut de Droit International, although its 

 membership is not limited to Frenchmen, was neverthe- 

 less founded largely through the initiative of French 

 scholars; they constitute a large and influential part of 

 its membership and its proceedings are published in the 

 French language. The Institute holds annual sessions 

 at different places in Europe and publishes an " Annuaire" 

 (26 volumes to date) containing a report of its proceed- 

 ings, together with the texts, papers, reports, drafts of 

 projects, etc. The Institute has framed proposed codes 

 of international law, dealing with such matters as aerial 

 navigation, maritime war, land warfare, etc.; on account 

 of the distinguished reputations of the members, the 

 views of the Institute have exerted a marked influence 

 on the recent development of international law. 



In addition to the publications of learned societies may 

 be mentioned certain publications of the universities. 



