LECTURE VIII. 59 



by the hook and line only, the principal baits, 

 according to Mr. Pennant, being Herring, pieces 

 of Sea-fowl, and the shell-fish called Clams, and 

 with these are caught fish sufficient to find em- 

 ployment for fifteen thousand British seamen, and 

 to afford subsistence to a much more numerous 

 body of people at home, who are engaged in the 

 various manufactures which so vast a fishery de- 

 mands. The fish, when taken, are properly cleaned 

 and dried, and in this state are sent into every 

 part of the European continent. The fishermen 

 are well acquainted with the use of the air-bladder 

 in this fish, which is usually called the sound; 

 and when the fish is first taken, they contrive to 

 perforate the sound or air-bladder with a long 

 needle, in order to let out its contained air, by 

 which means the fish is effectually kept under 

 water in their well-boats, and thus brought fresh 

 to the place of sale. 



The third Linnaean division or the Thoracic 

 tribe is extremely numerous : in this division the 

 ventral fins are situated immediately beneath the 

 pectoral ones. Among the most remarkable ge- 

 nera may be reckoned the lately instituted one 



