LECTURE IX. 109 



surface of the ground, into which they retire at the 

 time of their approaching change ; and after lying, 

 in some species a few weeks, in others many 

 months, the chrysalis, by the motions of the in- 

 cluded animal, forces itself up to the surface, and 

 gives birth to the Insect in its perfect form. The 

 insects of this genus are often called Hawk-Moths 

 by the English collectors. 



The genus Phalcena or Moth is distinguished by 

 sharp-pointed horns, which in many species are 

 simple, and in many are beautifully barbed or 

 feathered along the sides. This genus, like that 

 of Butterfly, is so very numerous, that it is di- 

 vided into many sections, instituted from the habit 

 or general appearance of the animals, combined 

 with some other circumstances. These I shall not 

 particularize, but shall merely observe that of one 

 or two of the leading species. Of all the European 

 Moths by far the most magnificent is the Phal^ia 

 Junonia, a name which I have myself applied to 

 it, in order the more effectually to separate it from 

 some smaller species of similar appearance, with 

 which Linnaeus has conjoined it. It often mea- 

 sures six inches in breadth, when expanded, and is 

 found in Germany, France, and Italy, where its 



