INFLUENZA. 79 



2. Gas generated in glucose bouillon not in lactose. 



a. Friedlander group. Give very viscid, porcelain-like colonies. 

 Tendency to capsule formation in favorable media. 

 Examples: B. pneumoniae, B. capsulatus mucosus, B. 

 rhinoscleromatis. 

 P.. Motile burilli. 



1. Do not liquefy gelatin. 



a. DQ not produce gas in either glucose or lactose bouillon. 

 Typhoid, or Eberth group. No imlol. No coagulation of 

 milk. 



No reduction of neutral red. 



b. Gartner group. This includes: 



Pathogenic types for man; as, B. enteritidis, B. icteroides, 

 B. paratyphoid B. B. psittacosis. Nonpathogenic for man; 

 as B. cholerae suum (hog cholera). 



2. Liquefy gelatin. 



a. Proteus group. Colonies amoeboid, spreading. Produce gas 

 in glucose, not in lactose. 



GRAM NEGATIVE BACILLI REQUIRING SPECIAL MEDIA. 



Bacillus Influenzas (Pfeiffer, 1892). This organism is the type of 

 the so-called haemophilic bacteria organisms whose growth is re- 

 stricted to media containing haemoglobin. The influenza bacillus 

 seems to grow better on slants freshly streaked with blood than on 

 those which have been made for some time, and they appear to grow 

 better on this surface smear of blood than on a mixture of agar and 

 blood. 



The influenza bacilli are most likely to be isolated from the sputum 

 of bronchopneumonia due to this organism. It has also frequently 

 been found in the nasal secretions of influenza patients. Exception- 

 ally, it is present in the blood, and has been isolated in cases of menin- 

 gitis. It is a very small bacillus which tends to show itself in aggre- 

 gations, especially centering about M. tetragenus. It stains rather 

 faintly when compared with cocci, so that a smear of sputum stained 

 with formol fuchsin shows a deep violet staining for the M. tetragenus 

 or other cocci, and scattered around in a clump like aggregation we see 

 these minute, rather faintly stained rods. They also tend to stain 

 more deeply at either end so that they sometimes appear as diplococci. 

 Gram's method, counterstaining with formol fuchsin, is excellent for 

 their demonstration. The red baclli and the violet black cocci are 

 easily distinguished. 



To cultivate them, rub the sputum or the material from a lung on a 



