176 THE PROTOZOA 



by Schaudinn, it has a marked differentiation between the glassy 

 ectoplasm and the granular endoplasm. The nucleus is indistinct, 

 eccentric and stains feebly. The movement is more active and the 

 color more greenish-yellow than E. coli. Craig notes the character- 

 istic staining of the E. histolytica, this being a dark blue ectoplasm 

 encircling a lighter blue endoplasm. In dividing, there is a process of 

 budding. These little spore-like bodies form at the periphery of the 

 encysted amoeba and form the infecting stage. Cold or other inimical 

 influences tend to make amoebae encyst, hence faeces should be ex- 

 amined as soon as possible after the stool is passed. A particle of 

 mucus pressed down with a cover-glass makes a satisfactory prepara- 

 tion. If necessary to dilute, use blood-warm salt solution not plain 

 water. 



Entamoeba buccalis. Obtained from the mouths of persons 

 with dental caries. It does not appear to have pathogenic character- 

 istics. 



Castellani has reported an intestinal amoeba with an undulatory 

 membrane. He has given it the name of E. undulans. 



Leydenia gemmipara. It is a question whether these bodies were 

 animal parasites or simply body cells showing amoeboid movement. 

 They were found in the ascitic fluid of 2 cases of carcinomatosis. 

 They varied in size from 3 to 36 //. 



FLAGELLATA (MASTIGOPHORA). 



In this class of protozoa the adults have flagella for the purposes 

 of locomotion and the obtaining of food. 



Some flagellates more or less resemble rhizopods in being amoeboid 

 and in having an ectoplasm and an endoplasm. The body is fre- 

 quently covered by a cuticle. Some flagellates have a definite mouth 

 part, the cytostome, which leads to a blind oesophagus ; others absorb 

 food by absorption through the body wall. In addition to flagella, 

 some flagellates possess an undulating membrane. All flagellates 

 possess a nucleus and some have contractile vacuoles. The flagellum 

 may arise directly from the nucleus or from a small kinetic nucleus, 

 the blepharoplast. 



The most important flagellates of man are the haemoflagellates. 



