46 PBACTIC CALABP CULTURE. 



poses depends on the size and number of fish to be shipped, the distance 

 they are to travel and the length of time it will take them to reach their 

 destination. Carp kept in clear running water a few days previous to 

 shipment, without food, will travel much farther, and in better condition, 

 than when taken directly from their food and from dirty water. In the 

 latter case they pollute the water. The temperature of the water has much 

 to do with the distance they can be shipped. The best temperature is 

 from 40 to 50 F. Max Von Demborne, a German authority, gives the 

 following table, which will furnish an excellent base of calculation : 



Excess of weight of water over the weight of the carp during a jour- 

 ney of 10 to 40 hours. 

 Length of time of journey. Water should weigh. 



10 hours 9 times the weight of carp. 



20 " 12 " 



30 " 15 " 



40 18 " 



A little judicious work with the express agent at the shipping point 

 will materially aid in the successful transportation of the carp. This is 

 particularly true where more than one express company is represented at 

 the place of shipment, as each will desire to secure the patronage. A 

 way bill accompanies every package they send out. This way bill, as 

 a rule, passes through the hands of the several agents on the different 

 lines of railroad over which the package passes. Such a bill will accom- 

 pany every can of carp. Require the agent, then, at the shipping point, 

 to insert in the way bill a statement that the water on the fish is to be 

 changed every 24 hours, for any other water that is fit to drink. A 

 printed statement pasted on the can and addressed to the express mes- 

 sengers on the trains, calling attention to the statement in the way bill, 

 and explaining how the water may be shired off through the wire grating 

 of the top, and if other good water is not convenient, the same water can 

 be poured back again, it be^ng aerated by the process, will generally 

 secure the attention desired, and will enable the culturist to ship a greater 

 weight of carp in a lesser weight of water than would otherwise be possi- 

 ble. 



Wooden jacket cans are advantageous in that they receive little dam- 

 age in transportation. They are, however, more expensive than other 

 cans, and besides are not always available, while any tinsmith can make 

 an ordinary shipping can. Many styles of can have been tried, and there 

 is a field for thought in the construction of a can that will be self-operat- 

 ing and keep the water within it aerated. There is a natural principle, 

 however, that the greater the surface of water exposed to the air, in a 

 given body of water, the more oxyen will it absorb from the atmosphere. 

 In harmony with this principle, cans should be built low and broad, nar- 

 rower on the bottom and flaring up to the shoulders. A can 14 inches high 

 to the shoulder should be from 5 to 7 inches greater in diameter at the 

 shoulder than at the bottom. The bottom should be broad enough to pre- 

 vent all possibility of upsetting. This gives a shallower body of water 

 with a larger surface area. These cans should be constructed of XXXX 



