PLANTING. 51 



"be cautiously lifted from the nursery lines, carefully guard- 

 ing against the mutilation or bruising of the roots ; and, 

 to prevent the desiccation of the fibres, they should be 

 planted as soon as possible after being lifted. When they 

 have to be carried to a distance, the roots should be en- 

 veloped in damp hypnum-moss. In the ground, which is 

 presumed to have been previously trenched or otherwise 

 prepared, pits or holes are formed, and the soil is finely 

 pulverized ; and in these the trees are placed, their roots 

 being spread out and intermingled with the earth. Shal- 

 low planting is strongly recommended ; two or three 

 inches of soil being in general a sufficient covering. The 

 doucin or French paradise stocks are preferable for this 

 reason, tfrat they throw out delicate fibres which readily 

 spread along the surface, instead of bundles of hard roots 

 which generally characterize crab stocks. On filling up 

 the hole, a surface of at least an equal size is mulched, 

 that is, covered with dung or litter, so as to restrain 

 evaporation, and preserve moisture. In the case of wall- 

 trees, a space of five or six inches is usually left between 

 the stem at the insertion of the roots and the wall, to allow 

 for the effects of growth. Young standard trees are tied 

 to stakes, to prevent their roots being ruptured by the 

 wind-waving of the stems. During the dry weather of the 

 first summer, the trees should be watered from time to 

 time as occasion may require. 



The selection and distribution of the different kinds of 

 fruit-trees is an important and interesting point in the 

 formation of a garden, Regard must necessarily be had 

 to local situation and climate, as the selection ought man- 

 ifestly to be different for a garden in the south-west of 

 England, and for one in Yorkshire or in Scotland. The 

 finer varieties of French and Flemish pears require and 



