GRAPE-VINE. 81 



Hopetoun, and Mr. Shiels at Erskine. It seems proper, 

 therefore, to describe minutely the mode of performing the 

 operation. 



The distinctive feature of the method is, that it avoids 

 the usual mode of grafting vines by approach, with all its 

 inconvenient restraints, and substitutes a simple scheme 

 of grafting by detached cions. The following are the 

 directions given by Mr. Gowans himself, which will be 

 rendered plain by looking at the annexed sketch : " Select 



Fig. 11. 



a cion with one eye, and cut it in the form of a wedge. 

 For a stock, select a shoot b of the preceding year, about 

 the same thickness as the cion, and cut it over a little 

 above the second eye from the old wood. With a sharp 

 knife cut it down the centre nearly to the old wood. Out 

 of the centre, pare with a pen-knife as much as is neces- 

 sary to make it fit the cuts on the side of the cion. Then 

 insert the cion a with its eye opposite to that on the top 

 of the stock. Tie it up and clay it over in the usual 

 manner, with this difference, that you cover nearly the 

 whole of the cion with the clay, leaving only small holes 

 for the eyes. Tie some hypnum-moss upon the clay, upon, 



4* 



