178 FRUIT CULTURE. 



other markings. The hind wings are lead coloured, with 

 long fringes. 



REMEDIES. During the time the perfect moths are 

 active they are laying their eggs upon the leaves, and 

 where so numerous as to be harmful in gardens and 

 orchards, they may be driven away, or prevented from 

 laying their eggs upon the trees, by occasionally giving 

 the latter a good syringing with soap-suds. Collect the 

 leaves of valuable trees affected, while the larva; are still 

 within them, and burn the same. When full fed, they 

 change to pupas amongst fallen leaves. These should be 

 carefully swept up and burnt, examining at the same time 

 all shreds of wall trees and crannies of brickwork for 

 pupae that may be lurking there. 



SAW FLIES, PLANT-LICE, ETC. 



THE SLUG WORM (Eriocampa limacina, or Selandria 

 cerasi of Miss Ormerod), Fig. 52. The popular name 

 applied to the larvae of this sawfly is taken from the 

 resemblance they bear to a small black slug lying on the 

 upper surface of the leaf. They appear in August, Sep- 

 tember, and October, feeding on the upper surface of the 

 foliage, leaving only the venation and under- surf ace on 

 the patches gnawed, while the leaves turn brown and 

 drop. The grabs are very much thickened behind the 

 head, and are covered with a black, slimy excretion till 

 the last moult, when they become yellow. They then 

 drop to the ground, buiy themselves, and form a cocoon, 

 in which they undergo their transformations, and attain 

 the perfect state in July following. The female is black 

 and shining, with four wings having dark veins, and 

 the two front pairs of legs are brownish yellow, and the 

 hindermost pair generally darker. 



