1S4 FRUIT CULTURE. 



powder, and live under the shelter of the curled leaves. 

 Dull or dusky yellow males are found with the egg-laying 

 females in autumn. 



REMEDIES. Summer pruning is an effective method of 

 getting rid of a large number of aphides, and the prun- 

 ings should be burnt. The insects are difficult to kill by 

 the application of washes, which must therefore be used 

 moderately strong. Tobacco- water, at the rate of one 

 pound of tobacco infused in from two to six gallons of 

 water, to which one pound of soft soap is added, may be 

 used wherewith to syringe the trees infested. If the 

 foliage is young and tender, a large quantity of water 

 must be used, and the trees should be washed with clean 

 water within twenty-four hours. A safer remedy would 

 be to dissolve one pound of soft soap in four gallons of 

 water, and to ten gallons of the soap-suds so produced 

 add two gallons of tobacco- water. The latter may be 

 made by infusing one pound of strong shag in six gallons 

 of water. Besides being less dangerous to the trees, soap- 

 suds cause the mixture to adhere better to the mealy 

 bodies of the aphides. Trees may also be syringed with 

 an infusion of quassia chips, mixed with soft-soap. 



RED GRUB OF PLUM (Carpocapsa Junebrana). The 

 caterpillar of this small moth proves more destructive to 

 the plum crop in some districts than the frequency of the 

 moths in the perfect state would lead us to imagine. The 

 latter make their appearance in June and July, depositing 

 their eggs upon the fruit, which the small larvae pene- 

 trate, feeding upon the soft, fleshy part outside the stone. 

 Those that have been attacked at an early stage never 

 reach maturity, but colour up prematurely and drop. The 

 caterpillars are pale red, with a black head, a yellowish 

 brown segment behind this, and some small elevated 



