INSECT PESTS AND DISEASES. 185 



reddish spots over the rest of the body, and may be found 

 in plums during August and September. When full fed, 

 they leave the fruit, and seek shelter in crevices of the 

 bark and similar places, where they spin a cocoon, and 

 lay up till the following season. The perfect insect mea- 

 sures about half an inch across the fore- wings, which are 

 grey, clouded with a darker hue, and having near the hind 

 angle an eye-like spot, enclosing some black dots. 



REMEDIES. By collecting the fallen plums and burning, 

 or burying them deeply, many of the grubs will be 

 destroyed. This should, however, be done promptly, 

 before the larvae have time to crawl out, and the trees 

 might be shaken occasionally to cause the grub-eaten 

 fruits to fall, Avhen they should be collected at once. 

 Search must also be made for cocoons in the crevices of 

 the bark. The trees might be syringed with soap-suds 

 about the time the moths are laying their eggs, in order 

 to render the fruit distasteful to the grubs, when the 

 instinct of the mother warns her off, preventing the depo- 

 sition of eggs there. 



The Winter Moth and the Small Ermine Moth also 

 attack the plum, for remedies against which see under 

 apple. 



The Cherry. 



CHERRY APHIS (Aphis cerasi). A great amount of 

 damage is frequently caused to the young shoots and 

 leaves of the cherry by this insect, which is often spoken 

 of as the Black Fly. Both the wingless and winged forms 

 that bring forth live young, are black, and their pupa stage 

 is dark olive green, with yellowish wing-cases. The egg- 

 laying females are smaller and dark or yellowish brown, 

 while the winged males have the fore part of the body 

 brownish black, and the hinder part yellow, with brown 



