186 FRUIT CULTURE. 



markings. The foliage gets covered with filth as that of 

 the plum does, and the trees badly attacked suffer con- 

 siderable injury. 



REMEDIES. The number of aphides can be greatly re- 

 duced by summer pruning; but young trees, and especially 

 those on walls, cannot be treated in this way, owing to 

 the necessity for extension of the shoots. Valuable young 

 trees may be gone over, and the affected parts dusted with 

 tobacco powder. On a more extensive scale, and for tall 

 standard trees, some of the many washes recommended 

 for aphis must be used. The Black Fly is difficult to 

 kill, and something of a soapy nature, that will stick to 

 it, should be used. Syringe the affected trees with this 

 by means of a garden engine. The trees may be forcibly 

 syringed with clean water next day. Repeat the soap- 

 suds a second time,, if the fly has not been completely 

 destroyed. For other washes, see under Plum Aphis. 



The Pear Slug and the Goat Moth also attack the 

 cherry. See under pear for remedies against the former, 

 and under apple for the Goat Moth. 



The Gooseberry. 



THE GOOSEBERRY AND CURRANT SAWFLY (Nematus ribesii). 

 The ravages committed by the larvae of this four- winged 

 fly are too well known to require comment. Several 

 broods are produced in the course of the season. The 

 perfect insects first appear in April, when the leaves are 

 expanding, and lay their eggs upon them. The larvae 

 hatch out in six or seven days, and commence eating 

 holes in the leaves, which they ultimately devour, leaving 

 nothing except the stalks and stronger ribs. They are 

 bluish green, with a black head, and spotted with black 



