PRACTICAL GARDENING 



may cause a weakening of the plant. Also 

 over ventilation and a few hours of cold wind 

 with a dark sky may chill the plants. Keep 

 the hotbed plants stocky and healthy. 



FRUITS AND BERRIES 



Pruning. With the first warm days, start 

 to prune the apple trees. Do not over prune 

 by cutting out the center of the tree and form- 

 ing a nest-shaped head. Thin out the branches 

 so that air and sunshine may reach all parts of 

 the tree. Use only sharp tools and paint all 

 wounds over, one and one-half inches in 

 diameter. 



Grafting. If your apple tree is not a de- 

 sired variety, cliff graft the head. Cut off a 

 limb one to two inches in diameter, split it so 

 as to allow the wedge-shaped scion to fit 

 tightly in the opening. The scion should be 

 the previous year's growth from the desired 

 variety. Cut the scion wedge shape at one 

 end, starting the cut on each side of a bud. 

 Leave three buds to a scion. Place the lower 



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