THE GREENLAND REDPOLL. 61 



DISTRIBUTION. Abroad. Polar regions of Old and New Worlds, 

 in winter southwards to Holland, Germany, Austria, Hungary, 

 Russia, central Asia, Japan, and occasional during migration in 

 parts of north-east North America.] 



22. Carduelis linaria rostrata (Coues) THE GREENLAND 

 REDPOLL. 



ROSTRATUS Coues, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Nov., 

 1861, p. 378 (S. Greenland). 

 L. rostrata, Saunders, p. 190 (in text). 



DESCRIPTION (Plate 3). Male and female. Except for much 

 larger size, very similar to C. I. cabaret, but rump, sides of neck, 

 and tips to wing-coverts more greyish-white ; as compared to 

 C. I. linaria, dark streaks on upper-parts (including rump) and 

 especially on flanks and sides of breast broader : darker and more 

 tawny-buff on upper-parts ; more buff on flanks, and in female 

 and first-winter male also on throat and breast ; pink on breast of 

 adult male appears to extend not so far down sides of breast 

 and belly. 



Nestling. (Not examined.) 



Juvenile. Like that of C. I. cabaret, but dark stripes on upper- 

 and under-parts slightly broader. 



Measurements. $ wing 78-85 mm., tail 56-62, tarsus 15-17, 

 bill from skull 10-11 (12 measured). $ wing 75-81. Bill broader 

 and deeper as well as longer than in C. I. linaria. 



BREEDING-HABITS. As this and Hornemann's Redpoll (p. 64) both 

 apparently breed in Greenland, it is at present not possible to 

 distinguish records. Nesting-sites must necessarily be very 

 similar, and we have no means of distinguishing eggs from the 

 scanty material to hand. 



DISTRIBUTION. England. None. Scotland. Vagrant. In recent 

 years fairly regular in northern isles. Barra (0. Hebrides) one, 

 Oct. 8, 1896 ; one, Nov. 10, 1898 ; one, Oct. 13, 1900 ; two, Sept., 

 1901. St. Kilda, five, Sept., 1911. Flannans, several, Oct. and 

 Nov., 1905. Tiree (I. Hebrides), two, Sept., 1913. Fair Isle (Shet- 

 lands), abundant Sept. and Oct., 1905, small numbers Sept. 21, 

 1907, Sept.-Nov., 1908, Oct., 1911, and autumn, 1913. Shetlands, 

 several Oct. and Nov., 1907. Suleskerry (Orkneys), one, Oct., 1911. 

 Ireland. Several Achill Island (Mayo) and two or more Tearaght 

 (Kerry) have been assigned to this form. One Rathlin (Antrim), 

 Sept. 25, 1913. 



DISTRIBUTION. Abroad. Summer-resident in south Greenland. 

 In winter south-westward through Canada and parts of western 

 United States. 



