THE PINE-GROSBEAK. 



81 



DISTRIBUTION. Abroad. North-east Germany, Kussia, Siberia, 

 eastwards at least to the Lena River, and replaced by allied races 

 in central Asia and Kamtschatka. Migrant, but its regular winter- 

 quarters appear to be as yet uncertain ; during migration or in 

 winter occasionally in west Europe and Mediterranean countries. 



Genus PINICOLA Vieill. 



PINICOLA Vieillot, Ois. Amer. Sept., i, p. iv (1807 Type by monotypy 

 Pinicola rubra Vieill. = enucleator L.). 



Large arboreal Finches ; sexes different ; young like female. 

 Larger than Carpodacus ; bill more curved ; plumage softer, longer, 

 and more plentiful. First four visible primaries about equal and 

 longest, 2nd (first visible) a little shorter than next but distinctly 

 longer than 6th. Otherwise like Carpodacus. One species in 

 several subspecies ; northern parts of Old and New Worlds, in 

 the latter south to California. 



PINICOLA ENUCLEATOR 



32. Pinicola enucleator enucleator (L.) THE PINE- 

 GROSBEAK. 



LOXIA ENTJCLEATOK Linnaeus, Syst. Nat., ed. x, i, p. 171 (1758 North 

 of Sweden and North America. The American form, however, differs. 

 Restricted typical locality : Sweden). 

 Pyrrhula enucleator (Linnaeus), Yarrell, n, p. 177 ; Saunders, p. 199. 



Pine-Grosbeak (Pinicola e. enucleator). 



DESCRIPTION. Adult male. Winter. Crown, nape, and rump 



rosy-pink or crimson to yellowish-scarlet ; mantle same, but 



with more of brown centres of 



feathers showing ; scapulars and 



back french-grey, tipped pink ; 



upper tail-coverts greyish-brown 



tinged pink and tipped pink or 



greyish-white ; sides of neck, 



ear-coverts, throat, breast, and 



sides of belly extending on to 



flanks, as crown; chin and Pine-Grosbeak (Pinicola e.enudeaior). 



G 



