GENUS EMBERIZA. 107 



Key to species of genus EMBERIZA. 



'Throat black, abdomen chiefly or entirely yellow . 6 



Throat black, abdomen white 7 



Throat uniform yellow, abdomen rufous . E. hortulana $ ad , p. 122 

 Throat and rest of under-parts uniform yellow : 



E. melanocephala ad., p. 115 

 Throat yellow or buff, under-parts with yellow, but 



not uniform 2 



Throat white or buff, crown not uniform, under-parts 



without any yellow whatever 8 



Throat white, crown and ear-coverts black : 



E. rustica ad. summer, p. 129 

 Throat greyish-white, crown and ear-coverts chestnut : 



E. castaneiceps $ ad., p. 127 

 Throat uniform grey, abdomen rufous, ear-coverts 



greyish E. da <J ad., p. 124 



Throat chestnut, middle of abdomen white : 



E. leucocephala <J ad., p. 113 



I Rump and upper tail-coverts distinctly chestnut . 3 



* | Rump and upper tail-coverts not distinctly, or without 



[ any, chestnut 4 



( Crown yellow or brown , E. citrinella, p. 110 



(Crown chestnut ... . E. aureola $ ad. winter, p. 117 



i Tail with white 5 



(Tail without pure white ... E. melanocephala juv., p. 116 



| Under wing-coverts sulphur yellow . . E, cirlus $ and juv., p. 120 

 \Underwing-covertswhite ... E. aureola $ and juv., p. 118 



f Crown black, back uniform chestnut : E. melanocephala <J var., p. 115 

 I Crown and rump dark chestnut : . E. aureola (J ad. summer, p. 118 

 Crown and rump olive-green or brown and striped : 



E. cirlus <J ad., p. 120 



(Bill slender, culmen very slightly curved : E. scho&niclus <$ ad., p. 133 

 (Bill thick, culmen strongly curved . E. palustris $ ad., p. 136 



rNo white in tail E. calandra $, $ and juv., p. 108 



(With white in tail ...-,.-... 9 



(Rump more or less chestnut ..... 10 

 \Rump without chestnut 13 



{Lesser upper wing-coverts and spots on chest chest- 

 nut E. rustica <$ ad. winter, $ and juv., p. 128 

 No chestnut spots on chest nor chestnut upper wing- 

 coverta .,,..., .11 



