THE CHIFFCHAFF. 



299 



yellowish or whitish ; ear-coverts brown marked huffish or yellowish; 

 circle round eye pale yellow or white ; narrow line from base of 

 bill, over and behind eye pale yellow, part behind eye being usually 



The Chiffcb atf (Phylloscopus c. coUybita) . Note short 2nd primary and emarginated 

 6th primary. 



The Willow -Warbler (Phylloscopus t. trochilus). Note longer 2nd primary than in 

 Ohiff chaff, and 6th primary not emarginated. 



pale buff ; chin, throat, breast and flanks whitish tinged buff to 

 pale buff streaked with varying amount of lemon-yellow ; centre 

 of belly whiter less buff ; under tail-coverts rather more yellow ; 

 under wing-coverts and axillaries bright lemon-yellow ; tail- 

 feathers dark brown, outer webs edged olive-green ; primaries 

 and secondaries dark brown, outer webs edged olive-green and 

 inner webs edged greyish-white ; all wing-coverts dark brown 

 edged and tipped olive-green. This plumage is acquired by 

 complete moult July to early Sept. Summer. The body -plumage, 

 and often (probably not always) wing-coverts, remiges and rec- 

 trices, are moulted in Jan.-Feb., and occasionally March or early 

 April. New plumage like winter. By June abrasion makes 

 upper -parts browner, less greenish, and under -parts whiter less 

 buff. 



Nestling. Down, darkish-grey, rather short and scanty > 

 distribution, inner supra-orbital, occipital and humeral. Mouths 

 inside dull yellow, no spots, externally flanges pale yellow. 



Juvenile. Much like adult but upper-parts browner less 

 green ; under-partg yellowish-white, washed smoke - brown on 

 throat and more heavily on breast, not buffish as in adult. (N.B* 



