THE LANCEOLATED WARBLER. 333 



begins early Aug. and lasts to end of Sept. Similar evidence of 

 east and west coast passage-movements during same psriod, but 

 mainly during middle fortnight Sept. 



DISTRIBUTION. Abroad. Middle and south Europe generally, 

 north, to south Norway and Finland, south to north Spain, middle 

 Italy, and Slavonia, wintering in north-west Africa, and probably 

 south Spain. Replaced by L. n. straminea from Caucasus and 

 Orenburg to Altai and Turkestan. 



LOCUSTELLA LANCEOLATA 



140. Locustella lanceolata (Temm.) THE LANCEOLATED 

 WARBLER. 



SYLVIA LANCEOLATA Temminck, Man. d'Orn., ed. n, iv, p. 614 (1840 

 " Mainz ? " Erroneous locality. Typical locality : Russia). 

 Locustella lanceolata, Caton-Haigh, Brit. B., in, p. 353. 



DESCRIPTION (Plate 12). Adult male and female. Winter. Whole 

 upper-parts brown to yellowish-brown broadly streaked black- 

 brown ; upper tail-coverts darker brown and more colour of tail, 

 usually with a few broad black-brown streaks, but sometimes 

 without streaks ; somewhat indistinct, narrow streak from nostrils 

 to eye and behind eye cream-colour ; lores and under eye dusky ; 

 ear -coverts brown somewhat speckled cream-colour ; chin, upper- 

 throat and centre of belly white tinged sometimes pale yellow and 

 sometimes pale buff, sometimes a few brown-black spots on chin 

 and throat ; lower -throat and breast more strongly tinged buff 

 and with conspicuous, short, brown-black streaks ; sides, flanks 

 and under tail-coverts huffish -brown with longer and wider brown- 

 black streaks, longer under tail-coverts, sometimes streaked, often 

 unstreaked, sometimes only with dark shaft -lines and with whitish 

 tips ; under wing-coverts and axillaries pale sandy-buff ; tail 

 dark brown with obsolete transverse bars observable in some 

 specimens ; primaries and secondaries brown, inner webs narrowly 

 edged whitish and outer webs pale brown, innermost secondaries 

 black-brown with narrow pale brown margins ; all wing-coverts 

 as rest of upper-parts. This plumage is acquired by complete 

 moult in October-November. Summer. A complete moult 

 (including wings and tail) takes place in March-April. Coloration 

 as winter. Abrasion has little effect, but under-parts gradually 

 become rather clearer white. 



Nestling. (Not examined). 



Juvenile. Like adult but rather darker upper -parts ; chin 

 and upper -throat considerably spotted ; streaks on breast rather 

 thicker than is usual in adults. 



First winter. Like adults. The juvenile body -plumage, 

 lesser and median wing-coverts and tail are moulted Sept.-Dec. 



