472 CHAPTER XXXIV. 



VOGT and YUNG (Traite d'Anat. Comp. Prat., v) recommend 

 coffee-grounds instead of paper; paper becomes rather hard 

 when imbedded, whereas coffee-grounds cut fairly well. 



JOEST (Arch. Entwicklungsmech., v, 1897, p. 425) simply 

 keeps the worms for a few days in moist linen, and finds the 

 gut empty. 



851. Hirudinea. For the methods of killing see those given 

 for Lumbricus in 846, also 18 to 24, and 53. 



WHITMAN (Meth. in mic. Anat., p. 27) recommends that they 

 be killed with sublimate. 



I have obtained better results myself by narcotising with 

 carbonic acid ( 24), and fixing with liquid of Flemming. I 

 have also found that lemon juice kills them in a state of very 

 fair extension. Carmalum I find excellent for staining entire 

 animals. Ehrlich-Biondi mixture sometimes gives fine results 

 with sections. 



GRAF (Jen. Zeit., 1893, p. 165) states that he has obtained 

 good results by narcotising with decoction of tobacco. 



Injection. WHITMAN (Amer. Natural., 1886, p. 318) states 

 that very perfect natural injections may often be obtained 

 from leeches that have been hardened in weak chromic acid 

 or other chromic liquid. He considers that these injections 

 are the best for the purpose of the study of the circulatory 

 system by means of sections. 



JACQUET (Mitth. Zool. Stat. Neapel, 1885, p. 298) advises 

 that leeches be put into water with a very small quantity of 

 chloroform; they soon fall to the bottom of the vessel and 

 remain motionless. They should be allowed to remain a day 

 or two in the water before injecting them. 



852. Gephyrea. VOGT and YUNG (Anat. Comp. Prat., p. 373) 

 direct that Siphunculus midus be kept for some days in per- 

 fectly clean basins of sea water, in order that the intestine 

 of the animals may be got free from sand, which would be an 

 obstacle to section-cutting, and then anaesthetised with chloro- 

 form, under which treatment they die extended, and may be 

 fixed as desired. 



WAKD (Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., Cambridge, Harvard Coll., 

 xxi, 3, p. 144) found the best plan was to put the animals into 

 a shallow dish with sea water and pour 5 per cent, alcohol in 



