478 CHAPTER XXXIV. 



wiss. Mik., xiii, 1897, p. 484) finds that for Tdenia bothrio- 

 plitis the best fixative is saturated aqueous picric acid for 

 about seven hours ; sublimate gave bad results. 



TOWER (Zool. Anz., xix, 1896, p. 323; Journ. Roy. Hie. 

 Soc., 1896, p. 571) fixes Cestodes in a picro-platin-osmic 

 mixture (stronger than that of 0. vom Rath, 97) for 

 ten hours, then treats for several hours with crude pyro- 

 ligneous acid, and lastly with alcohol, and imbeds in 

 paraffin. 



ZERNECKE (Zool. Jahrb., Abth. f. Anat., ix, 1895, p. 92 ; Zeit. f. wiss. 

 Mik., xii, 4, 1896, p. 494) has employed with success the bichromate of 

 silver impregnation of GOLGI. He kills Ligula in the osmio-bichromic 

 mixture (4 : 1), impregnates as usual, makes sections in liver, and treats 

 them by the hydroquinon process of KALLIUS. Besides the peripheral and 

 central nervous system, muscle-fibres, parenchyma cells, and the excretory 

 vascular system are impregnated. 



He has also obtained good results by the methylen-blue method. 



BLOCHMANN (Biol. Centralb., xv, 1895, p. 14; Zeit. f. wiss. Mik., xii, 

 1895, p. 226) recommends for the nervous system the bichromate and 

 sublimate method of GOLGI. 



See also KOHLEE, Zeit. wiss. Zool., Ivii, 1894, p. 386 (stretches Taeniae 

 round a glass plate or on cork, and fixes with 5 per cent, sublimate). 



858. Trematodes (FISCHER, Zeit. f. wiss. Zool., 1884, p. 1). 

 Opisthotrema cochleare may be mounted entire in balsam. 

 For sectioning, FISCHER recommends imbedding in a mass 

 made by dissolving 15 parts of soap in 17 '5 parts of 96 per 

 cent, alcohol. This mass melts at about 60 C., penetrates 

 very rapidly, and solidifies very quickly. The sections should 

 be studied in glycerin. 



WRIGHT and MACALLUM (Journ. of Morph., i, 1887, p. 1) 

 find that Sphyranura is for most purposes best fixed in 

 liquid of Flemming, and stained with alum-cochineal. 



Lo BIANCO (l-oc. cit., p. 460) fixes Trematodes with hot 

 saturated sublimate. 



Looss (Arch. mik. Anat., 1895, p. 7) takes for Bilharzia 

 warm (50 to 60 C.) 1 per ent. sublimate in 70 per cent, 

 alcohol. 



BETTENDOEF (Zool. Jahrb., Abth. Morph., x, 1897, p. 308) has had good 

 results with the rapid Golgi method only on Distoma hepaticum, and 

 prefers methylen blue. 



Cercarise. SCHWARTZ (Zeit. f. iviss. ZooL, xliii, 1886, p. 

 45) found that the only fixing agent that would preserve the 



