ANCIENT EARTHWORKS 



Ditch,' two sides of a rectangular fosse on the slope of Cuckoo Hill 

 at the western extremity of Han well Ridge, and in a curve of the 

 River Brent, is no more. 



HARROW WEALD AND PINNER (v and x) : GRIMES DYKE. Frag- 

 ments of a boundary earthwork are in evidence over a distance of three 

 miles within, and close to, the border of the counties of Middlesex and 

 Hertfordshire, extending from Pinner Green to Bentley Priory. It 

 consists of a vallum and fosse, the latter on the south-eastern side suggests 

 that it was part of the south-eastern defence of the territories of the 

 British tribe of the Catuvellauni. 



The dyke appears to have been supported at the south-west extre- 

 mity by the woodland of the Colne valley, and the other end was possibly 

 connected with the ancient works on Brockley Hill. Thus the position 

 of the dyke looked out upon the marshland which extended generally to 

 the River Thames, and from the Brent to the Lea. 



The work is most clearly to be seen to the south of Wealdstone 

 Common, where the vallum rises 5 ft. from the interior, on the Hertford- 

 shire side, is 63 ft. wide at the base, and has an escarpment of i 2 ft. into 

 the fosse ; the latter has been too greatly disturbed to form an adequate idea 

 of its former strength, but it is 5 ft. at its deepest part, and averages 

 1 5 ft. broad. 



Passing the common, where the rights of carrying gravel have 

 injured the configuration of the land, the most perfect section is found 

 in private grounds ; here the base of the vallum retains the same width, 

 but is 1 5 ft. in height now broken by a path on its escarpment, and the 

 fosse widens to 2 1 ft ; at one part this has been doubly dammed to form 

 an artificial lake. 



PINNER. See HARROW WEALD. 



WEMBLEY (xv, 4). HORSA-DUN HILL, south-east of Harrow, shows 

 slight traces of defensive works in two terraces on the southern side. 



TUMULI 



LONDON : ST. PANCRAS (xvii). On Hampstead Heath, between 

 Hampstead Ponds on the west and Highgate Ponds on the east, on a ridge 

 of hill running north and south is a bowl-shaped tumulus, known as 

 * Boadicea's Grave.' It is a gradually sloping mound 10 ft. in height, 

 with diameters including the surrounding ditch north to south 145 ft. 

 and east to west 135 ft. The original ditch was within the cincture 

 of the present one, which is modern. It was opened in 1894 by 

 Mr. C. H. Read, who thinks it is a monument of pre-Roman burial 

 by inhumation. 



TEDDINGTON (xxv, 8). Formerly situated in a field known as 

 ' Barrow Field,' between Hampton Wick and Bushey, was a bowl- 



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