MILK-SUPPLY OF LONDON WORKHOUSES. 49 



over, and the mean of the two closely-agreeing determina- 

 tions was employed in the construction of the table. 



The fats were taken with great care, but they do not 

 pretend to so high a degree of accuracy as the total solids. 

 It is hardly necessary to add that the numbers (designated 

 as a) in the column headed " Grins, of Solids not Fat" were 

 obtained by subtracting the quantity of fat (= b) from the 

 quantity of total solids dry at 100 C. 



The calculation of the quantities of genuine milk employed 

 in making lOOgrms. of the samples is based on the assumption, 

 which I believe to be warranted, that milk is tolerably uniform 

 in strength, consisting of 9.8 parts " solids not fat," 3.2 parts 

 of fat, and 87.5 parts of water. This is the composition of 

 country-fed milk. There is, however, an exceptionally rich 

 milk given by highly stall-fed cows in town. This milk 

 contains 10.0 parts of " solids not fat," 4.0 parts of fat, and 

 86.0 per cent of water ; but it is comparatively rare. 



If, in any instances in the above table, this rich stall-fed 

 town milk has been employed instead of average country 

 milk, then the real amount of watering and skimming in 

 those instances is a little higher than the table exhibits. In 

 the table there are seven examples of more than 100 grms. of 

 genuine milk being used in making 100 grms. of the sample. 

 Of these, one appears to be an example of this town-fed milk, 

 the rest not being sufficiently above 100 to call for such a 

 supposition. The example to which I refer is the Shoreditch 

 milk, which on the first occasion yielded 9.99 per cent of 

 " solids not fat," which is a very close approximation to the 

 " solids not fat " in 100 parts of town-fed milk. 



When a exceeds 100 a minus quantity will correspond to it 

 in Column 7, unless the slight correction for fat obliterate the 

 minus quantity of water. On calculating for town-fed instead 

 of for country-fed milk, the minus-quantities in Column 7 

 will disappear in every instance. The calculation for town- 



