62 JBBITISH BUTTERFLIES. 



By way of compensation for the damage it inflicts, it 

 has been suggested that a durable green dye might be 

 extracted from the caterpillars of cabbage butterflies, 

 since it is extremely difficult to eradicate the stain made 

 by a crushed caterpillar on linen. If this strange and 

 novel dye should ever take its place among the vagaries 

 of fashion, the shopkeepers could find a familiar French 

 name, as the word chenille, applied to another commo- 

 dity, means simply " caterpillar/' so " chenille green " 

 would be the phrase for the colour afforded by smashed 

 caterpillars. 



The chrysalis (Plate I. fig. 15) may be found almost 

 anywhere, laid up under ledges of garden walls, door- 

 way, or any convenient projection, not too far from the 

 creature's food. "Wanting an individual just now, to 

 sit for his portrait, I had only to step out of my door, 

 and within a hundred yards espied a candidate for the 

 distinction, ready to hand, under the coping-stone of a 

 gate-post. 



A female specimen of the butterfly is figured on Plate 

 TV. fig. 2. The male may be readily distinguished by 

 the absence of the Uack spots and dashes on the upper 

 side of the front wings. 



The winged insect may be seen throughout the warm 

 season, from April to August. 



THE SMALL GAKDEN WHITE. 

 (Pieris Eapce.) (Plate IV. fig. 3.) 



OUTWARDLY resembling the last in almost every respect 

 but that of its inferior size, this species shares the 

 gardener's malediction with its larger, but perhaps less 

 destructive, relative ; for the caterpillar of Rapce, though 

 smaller, bores into the very heart of the cabbage, in- 

 stead of being content with the less valuable outer 

 leaves, as Brassicce is. From this pernicious habit the 

 French call this grub the ver du coeur. 



