APPENDIX, llo 



171. SANDERLING. 



rt breeds in Greenland, Labrador and other Arctic countries. It makes 

 its nest on marshy grounds, of grass, and lays four " dusky- coloured eggs. 

 spotted with black." But little seems to be known of either the nidification 

 or the eggs of this species, as no figure is given by either Mr. Hewitson or 

 in the Reverend O. Morris's book. 



237. HOOPER. 



Occasionally met with during the breeding season in Iceland, and more 

 commonly in Lapland. They are described as inhabiting the most remote 

 and inaccessible lakes and morasses in forest districts. The nest is made of 

 any coarse water herbage which is suitable and at the same time accessible. 

 It is large, arid raised some inches above the surface of the supporting soil. 

 The eggs are believed to be from three or four to seven in number, and aro 

 usually of a pale brownish white colour, extending to about 4 inches long by 

 2f broad. 



245. PINTAIL. 



This Duck breeds in Iceland, and commonly in Lapland and some of the 

 districts about the Gulf of Bothnia. It builds, like most others of its kind, 

 among the thick herbage commonly growing near the edge of pieces of fresh 

 water; the nest being made of the same, but dry, and lined with down. 

 The eggs are six to eight or nine in number, and are of a light erreenish 

 white colour, and about the same size as those of the Wild Duck proper. 



255. VELVET SCOTER. 



This Sea Duck is found in Russia, Norway, the Faroe Islands, and also in 

 Iceland. Mr. Audubon's account of its nest and eggs is as follows : "The 

 nests are placed within a few feet of the borders of small lakes, a mile or two 

 from the sea, and usually under the low boughs of the bushes, of the twigs 

 of which, with mosses and various plants matted together, they are formed. 

 They are large and almost flat, several inches thick, with some feathers of 

 the female but no down under the eggs, which are usually six in number, 

 2| inches in length, by l i" breadth, of an uniform pale cream colour, 

 tinged with green." 



256. COMMON SCOTER. 



It breeds, but not very numerously, in Iceland ; but is seen nesting in com- 

 pany with the Velvet Scoter, in Scandinavia, rather more commonly. It 

 makes a nest of any available vegetable substance, such as grasses, twigs, 

 leaves, dry stalks , it is lined with down, and placed under the partial cover 

 or concealment afforded by low shrubs or other plants. The eggs are six or 

 seven to ten in number, of a pale buff colour slightly tinged with green, 2$ 

 inches long by If broad. After the eggs are laid, the males assemble in large 

 flocks and draw towards the coast. 



259. POCHARD. 



The breeding-haunt of this bird seems to be more to the eastward than 

 the majority of those hitherto named. It is said to be abundant in Russia 

 and in the north of Germany, and is very commonly found in the Fur-coun- 

 tries in America during the breeding-season. A few also breed on the 

 borders of the Meres in Holland. The nest is similar in site and materials 

 to those of the Wild Duck and other Ducks, and the eggs sometimes reach 

 the number of twelve. They are of a greenish buff colour, 2 inches in 

 length, by If in breadth. The Pochard was discovered, several years since, 

 as breeding ajaout the mere at Scarborough, and has also been stated to nest 

 occasionally in one or two places in Norfolk. 



2G1. SCAUP DUCK. 



This Duck has also been known as breeding very incidentally in this coun- 

 try, but its almost unbroken habit is to return to such countries as Iceland, 

 the swampy lake-district north of the Gulf of Bothnia, and some parts of 

 Norway, for nesting purposes. It sometimes makes its nest in what may bo 

 almost called the usual site for the nests of Ducks, and sometimes upon the 

 stones and shingle at the edge of sheets of fresh water. The nest is very 



