72- 



It remains now to inquire into the correlation bet-veon the 

 direction of righting and that of locomotion before and after the 

 reaction* Sole (1913<) has presented some evidence on this point, from 

 which he draws negative conclusions* Hia analysis of the data is, I 

 think, incomplete and the data are not statistically representative* 



He argues as follows* 



"In table 4 are shown the results of a number of tests to 

 determine what relation exists betwean the arms used in righting when 

 the starfish is placed on its aboral surface and the direction of lo- 

 oomotion previous to and subsequent to thy righting reaction* The 

 data nay be summarized ap follows* 



Arms e ed d de e ea a ab b JPQ 



Crawling previous to test 2 6 5 1 3 2 



used in righting S 2 16 1 2 



crawling subsequently 2951 2 3 



This shows that whereas the four spec i meats used in these taste 

 righted theasdlvae on arms a a sixteen out of twenty-four times, they 

 had been in nearly all cases crawling in a direction nearly opposed 

 to these arms, and mo reovor they continued locomotion in the same 

 general direction after righting themselves. An examination of the 

 individual records reveals the same relations in a great majority of 

 cages** 



Itelow is table 4 to which column 2 and column 5 have been 

 added to help in interpreting the data* Cole's studies have led 

 him to the conclusion that the starfish studied crawls with anter- 

 ior, more than with any other rays anterior* Unfortunately, however, 

 in thasa experiments he chose animals that were not typical in this 

 respect, since in no trials were they crawling toward & and in all 

 but four trials were crawling in a vary different direction* Thit in 

 connection with the fact that only four specimens were used, all 

 presenting an unusual 



