274 COSMOS. 



with certainty. The natives make the number more 

 than one-third greater, taking into account a quantity 



form a twin volcano, with two summits and two distinct craters, both 

 of which have furnished lava-streams. The lava-stream of 1775 from 

 the Nindiri reached the lake of Managua. The equal height of these 

 two volcanoes, situated so close to each other, is stated at only 2450 

 feet. 



Vokan de Momotombo* (7034 feet), burning, and often giving forth 

 a thundering noise, but without smoking, in lat. 12 28', at the north" 

 ern extremity of the Laguna de Managua, opposite to the small island 

 Momotombito, so rich in sculptures (see the representation of Momo- 

 tombo in Squier, vol. i, pp. 233 and 302 312). The Laguna de 

 Managua lies 28 feet higher than the Laguna de Nicaragua, which 

 is more than double its size, and has no insular volcano. 



From hence, to the Bay of Fonseca or Conchagua, at a distance of 23 

 miles from the coast of the Pacific, a line of six volcanoes runs from 

 S.E. to N.W.; closely approximated to each other and bearing the 

 common name of los Maribios (Squier, vol. i, p. 419; vol. ii, p. 123). 



El Nuevo,* erroneously called Volcan de las Pttas, because the erup- 

 tion of the 12th April, 1850, took place at the foot of this mountain; a 

 great eruption of lava almost in the plain itself! (Squier, vol. ii, 

 pp. 105110). 



Volcan de Telica* visited, during its activity, by Oviedo as early as 

 the sixteenth century (about 1529), to the east of Chinendaga, near 

 Leon de Nicaragua, and consequently a little out of the direction 

 previously stated. This important volcano, which emits much sul- 

 phurous vapour from a crater 320 feet in depth, was ascended, a few 

 years since, by my scientific and talented friend Professor Julius 

 Frobel. He found the lava composed of glassy felspar and augite 

 (Squier, vol. ii, pp. 115 117). At the summit, at an elevation of 

 3517 feet, there is a crater, in which the vapours deposit great masses 

 of sulphur. At the foot of the volcano is a mud-spring (Salse ?). 



The volcano el Viejo,* the northernmost of the crowded line of 

 six volcanoes. It was ascended and measured in the year 1838 by 

 Captain Sir Edward Belcher. The result of the measurement was 

 5559 feet. A more recent measurement, by Squier, gave 6002 feet. 

 This volcano, which was very active in Dampier's time, is still 

 burning. The fiery eruptions of scoriao are frequently seen in the city 

 of Leon. 



The volcano Guanacaure, somewhat to the north, without the range 

 from el Nuevo to the Viejo, at a distance of only 14 miles from the 

 shore of the Bay of Fonseca. 



The volcano Conseguina,* upon the cape which projects at the south- 

 ern extremity of the Bay of Fonseca (lat. 12 50'), celebrated for the 

 fearful eruption, preceded by earthquakes, of the 23rd January, 1835. 

 The great darkue.ss during the fall of ashes, similar to that which haa 



