QUESTIONS. 99 



CHAPTER III. 



THE COMPOSITION OF PLANTS. 



50. How many elements are found in plants ? What are 

 they? 



51. What element in soils is not in plants ? What in plants 

 and not in animals ? 



52. What effect has heat on plants ? How much water in 

 turnips, cabbages, and potatoes ? In cured hay ? What is ash ? 



53. What four elements are consumed when a plant is 

 burned ? Why called organic ? What becomes of them ? 



54. What becomes of phosphorus and sulphur ? Chlorine 

 and silicon ? How much ash in wood ? In tobacco ? Corn ? 

 Which has in it the most phosphorus oxide, the ash of corn or 

 potatoes ? Chlorine ? Potassium oxide ? 



55. What are ultimate elements ? Proximate ? Name some. 



56. What are amylaceous and saccharine substances ? Of 

 what elements are they composed ? Where is cellulose found ? 

 How converted into sugar ? 



57. What are pectose substances ? Where found ? 



58. Name some vegetable acids. What elements in them ? 



59. Where are fats and oils found ? How do they differ 

 from sugar ? What else are included in this group ? 



60. How do the albuminoid or protein groups differ from 

 those mentioned ? Where is pure albumen found ? What do 

 botanists mean by " albumen " ? Where is gluten found ? 

 Vegetable casein ? 



61. How many elements are in these compounds ? What 

 has a knowledge of their chemical constitution done ? 



62. How do starch and sugar differ ? Where is starch 

 found ? 



63. How does grape-sugar differ from starch ? Where does 

 the change of one into the other take place ? How can cotton 

 be changed into sugar? 



64. What takes place in the leaf? 



