THE EMBRYOLOGY OF THE HONEY BEE 3 



In this connection it will be necessary merely to mention 

 Blochmann's paper (1889), since it relates only to the matura- 

 tion of the egg. This may also be said of Petrunkewitsch's paper 

 (1901). A second paper by this investigator (1903), "Das 

 Schicksal der Richtungskorper im Drohnenei" however contains 

 some data and figures relating to the early development of the 

 egg of the honey bee. These will be mentioned later. The recent 

 paper by Nachtsheim (1913) should also be mentioned here. 

 Although this is also concerned principally with the fertilization 

 the maturation of the egg of the honey bee, nevertheless it 

 contains a number of excellent figures of cleavage cells together 

 with a considerable amount of data regarding their cytological 

 features. 



The only other paper of recent date devoted to the embryology 

 of the honey bee is that of Otto Dickel (1903) entitled "Ent- 

 wicklungsgeschichtliche Studien am Bienenei," comprising forty- 

 six pages (8vo) illustrated by forty-six text figures and two 

 double plates. This paper is extremely limited in its scope, 

 describing only the early development up to but not including 

 the formation of the germ layers. It was submitted as a thesis 

 for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the University of 

 Munich, and was produced under the supervision of Prof. Oscar 

 Hertwig of that institution. It was apparently written with one 

 end in view, namely to demonstrate that in the honey bee the 

 mid intestine arises from the yolk cells ("entoderm"), and loses 

 much of its scientific value by its ill-concealed attempt to arrive 

 at a predetermined conclusion. 



This closes the list of papers descriptive of the embryology of 

 the honey bee, but in this connection one paper should be noticed 

 which is of the highest value to all students of insect embryology, 

 especially that of the Hymenoptera. This is the beautiful memoir 

 of Carriere and Burger, "Die Entwicklungsgeschichte der Mauer- 

 biene (Chalicodoma muraria Fabr.) im Ei." This consists of 

 165 pages (4to) accompanied by one single plate and eleven 

 double plates, nine of which are colored. This work covers the 

 entire development of the egg of the mason bee, from the com- 

 mencement of cleavage to the hatching of the larva, and it stands 

 alone as the most complete account of the embryology of a 

 single insect. 



