Animal Morphology. 125 



country road may be often heard half a mile off or a quarter 

 of a mile, but it is nearly as well perceived by sound half a 

 mile- behind as half a mile in front ; yet, if there were no 

 hearing, the same horse would not be perceived till its rider 

 brought it to the front. 



Smell and taste are almost still more co-related in function 

 and education to each other than even sight and hearing, 

 and it is more than possible that part of the enjoyment of 

 food receives the connoisseur's approbation through the com- 

 bination of two distinct kinds of impression at one and the 

 same moment. 



Touch and force are so interlocked by the apparatus for 

 their distribution, and perfect appreciation of the end which 

 each have respectively to fulfil, that it is almost impossible, 

 saving by special experiment, to isolate and distinguish one 

 from the other, so mutually do they aid and reciprocate with 

 each other in their respective functions. 



But the sense of want, or of hunger and suffocation, are 

 here represented as one sense, through the par vagum. 

 Hunger being the chief want in man and mammalia to 

 which it is directed ; suffocation only comes into occasional 

 action when placed in non-respirable air. 



Hence, in its essential action it has no proper counter- 

 poise or balance by another sense in direct relation to itself, 

 and, of all the senses, it stands the highest in its adaptation 

 to self-preservation ; since food in one form or other is 

 essential to existence, and in animal life prehension and 

 locomotion, saving in the lowest forms of the sub-kingdom, 

 are essential as a means to an end in procuring food. And, as 

 we get into the vertebrate, sight and hearing appear more 

 or less essential in directing and properly using locomotion 

 and prehension ; whilst smell and taste are the special 

 sentinels attendant upon hunger, to guard against satiety 

 being sought for, as by smell in hunting, or appropriated by 



