190 



WHAT MR. DARWIN SAW. 



CHILE. 



trembling. Here we have an eruption relieving and taking 

 the place of an earthquake, as would have happened at Con- 

 cepcion, according to the belief of the common people, if the 

 volcano of Antuco had not been closed by witchcraft. Two 

 years and three-quarters afterward Valdivia and Chiloe were 

 again shaken, more violently than on the 20th, and an isl- 

 and in the Chonos Archi- 

 pelago was permanently 

 raised more than eight 

 feet. We may, therefore, 

 confidently come to the 

 conclusion that the forces 

 which, slowly and by lit- 

 tle starts, uplift conti- 

 nents, and those which 

 at successive periods pour 

 forth volcanic matter from 

 open orifices, are the same. 

 It is remarkable that while Talcahuano and Callao (near 

 Lima), both situated at the head of large shallow bays, have 

 suffered during every severe earthquake from great waves, 

 Valparaiso, seated close to the edge of profoundly deep water, 

 has never been overwhelmed, though so often shaken by the 

 severest shocks. 



I have not attempted to give any detailed description 

 of the appearance of Concepcion, for I feel that it is quite 

 impossible to convey the mingled feelings which I experi- 

 enced. Several of the officers visited it before me, but their 

 strongest language failed to give a just idea of the scene of 



CRUSOE. 



