WHITE MARKED TUSSOCK MOTH AND ELM LEAF BEETLE 9 



work by offering a small bounty and a system of prizes. The result 

 has been that a large number of egg masses were secured and 

 destroyed at a comparatively slight cost. The defect in this method 

 is that it is more or less irregular in operation and is usually resorted 

 to only after serious injury to the trees has aroused public opinion. 

 There is no doubt as to the effectiveness of collecting egg masses 

 and in not a few instances it may prove the cheapest method of keep- 

 ing this pest in cheek. It would seem better for the welfare of the 

 trees to make some provision for the systematic collection of egg 

 masses from year to year from all the trees, even though the cost be 

 somewhat greater. 



The collection of egg masses should be supplemented, if uncleaned 

 trees are in the vicinity, by banding the trunks at the time the cater- 

 pillars begin to crawl, with some, material which will prevent the 

 ascent of straggling larvae. A very simple method is to take a band 

 of cotton batting some 6 or 8 inches wide, wrap it around the tree, 

 tie a string about its middle and then turn the upper edge down over 

 the string. Tree tanglefoot, a preparation made by the same com- 

 pany that manufactures tanglefoot fly paper, has been used very 

 extensively on trees about Boston. It is very adhesive, remains 

 sticky for a considerable time and does not injure the bark of older 

 trees at least. 



The tussock moth caterpillar succumbs readily to arsenical poisons 

 and where the trees are infested or are likely to be attacked by mgre 

 than one leaf feeder, as is true in the Hudson valley, spraying is 

 perhaps the best method of protecting the trees. One of the best 

 poisons for this purpose, particularly in sections infested by the elm 

 leaf beetle, is the prepared arsenate of lead, a compound specially 

 manufactured for this purpose. It can be applied in almost any 

 quantities without injuring the trees and is far more adhesive than 

 the commonly employed london purple, paris green or other copper 

 arsenites. 



Elm leaf beetle 



Galerucella luteola Mull. 



This destructive beetle, like the white marked tussock moth dis- 

 cussed previously, is a most dangerous enemy to certain shade trees, 

 particularly in cities. It is in all probability responsible for more 

 ruined elms in the Hudson valley than all other destructive agencies 

 combined. It was so exceedingly abundant and injurious from 1896 



