I 



THE BABOOX. 509 



parts of Andalusia, and even in the province of Grrenada. It 

 would no doubt long since have been extirpated, if the British 

 (xovernment had not taken it under its especial protection, and 

 imposed the penalty of a heavy fine upon its wanton destruc- 

 tion. 



The Cynocephali (Baboons and Mandrills) show at once by 

 their Greek name that a dog-like snout gives them a more 

 bestial expression than belongs to the rest of the monkey tribes, 

 and that of all the simise of the Old World they are most widely 

 distant from man. In size they are only surpassed by the 

 gorilla and the uran, and if in the latter the physiognomy 

 becomes more brutal in its expression with advancing age, this 

 degradation is much greater in the baboons. 



Their canine teeth in particular acquire a greater sharpness 

 than those of almost every other carnivorous animal, so that 

 these malignant and cruel animals, armed with such powerful 

 weapons, may well be reckoned among the most formidable of 

 the wild beasts of Africa. As if to render them complete 

 pictures of depravity, their manners also are so shamelessly 

 filthy, that the curiosity they excite soon changes into horror 

 and disgust. 



The short-tailed mandrills inhabit the west coast of Africa. 

 The Maimon is the most remarkable of the whole genus for 

 brilliancy and variety of colour ; its furrowed cheeks are mag- 

 nificently striped with violet, blue, purple, and scarlet, so as 

 more to resemble an artificial tattooing than a natural carna- 

 tion. As the creature increases in age, the nose also becomes 

 blood-red. On the loins the skin is almost bare, and of a violet- 

 blue colour, gradually altering into a bright blood-red, which 

 is more conspicuous on the hinder parts, where it surrounds the 

 tail, which is generally carried erect. 



Even among the base mandrills there are some which main- 

 tain in confinement the milder character of their youth, and 

 on whom education has had such influence as to allow them to 

 be introduced into company without fear of a too flagitious 

 breach of decorum. One of these pattern animals was ' Happy 

 Jerry,' long kept in a London menagerie, and who gained such 

 fame by his good manners as to be honoured by a special in- 

 vitation to Windsor. Jerry knew how to sit upon a chair, and 

 worthily to fill it, as he was nearly five feet long. He relished 



