252 



Fishes. By C. II. Ek.knmann. 



Fishes were collected in much larger numbers than any of the other verte- 

 brates. They will form the subject of our most extented study of variation. I 

 present here simply a few dates on the spawning time and the distribution of the 

 various species in the localities examined. Half of these localities are on the St. 

 Lawrence side of the divide; the other half on the Mississippi side. To show the 

 relation qf the fauna to that of the State I present a complete list of Indiana 

 fishes. 



SPAWNING SEASONS. 



Most of the tishes spawn in the spring before the Station opened. This was 

 true of all tn&>|afger species except a few stragglers of Lepomis jmIUcIus. 



yotiirm il'ini.-<. This species is common under Ijoards and logs in Turkey 

 Creek, at Syracuse. Eggs were found in all stages of development the latter half 

 of June. They are laid in little depressions in the gravel under boards, and are 

 apparently watched by the adult. The eggs adhere to each other in masses large 

 enough to fill the hollow of the hand. The eggs are very flabby, the membrane 

 being not tense, as usual in fish eggs. After hatching the young remain together 

 in the nest, and if they are uncovered by raising the board they quickly scatter to 

 hide under another object or under the board again if this has been turned over. 

 The blastoderm forms a narrow nodule well separated from the yolk by a deep 

 constriction. 



Pimeph(de-< notalm. The eggs of this species are laid on the under surface of 

 various objects submerged in the margin of the lake to a depth of one or two feet. 

 The fish is usually found with the nest, and the immediate neighborhood of the 

 nest is kept clean of weeds and mud. The eggs were found during the whole of 

 June and the greater part of July. The young swim near the surface and are 

 very abundant the latter half of June. 



Fnndubi.< diaphanns menona. On June 24 eggs of this species were dragged 

 up by the seine from the grass of the bottom. They are bound together by fila- 

 ments. 



Zyyonecte.s notatuH. Many taken on June 27 in Turkey Creek were with ripe 

 eggs. 



Etheostoma caprodes. This species was spawning on May 30, a single ripe 

 female was taken al)out June 25. 



