RAISING NEW VARIETIES. 187 



one flower is often carried to the pistils of 

 another, and so natural crossing or hybridiza- 

 tion takes place. Thus, by simply gathering 

 and sowing the seeds of one variety, like 

 General Jacqueminot, it has been possible to 

 produce a large number of distinct kinds of 

 great value. This, as stated above, has been 

 the practice up to the present time, but it is 

 a practice on which we should no longer ex- 

 clusively depend; on the contrary, for the 

 roses of the future we should mainly rely on 

 artificial crossing and hybridization, or, in 

 other words, on manual fecundation. 



Laffay, who raised most of the Hybrid Re- 

 montants of value that were sent out previ- 

 ous to 1850, is understood to have produced 

 many, or the most, of them, by crossing va- 

 rieties of the Bourbon Rose with the old 

 crimson Rose du Roi. Vibert, Hardy, and 

 some other of the French rosarians, are also 

 credited with having produced many of their 

 most beautiful sorts by manual fertilization, 

 but as no record has been kept of the varie- 

 ties used as parents, the result of their work 

 is of no use to the hybridizer of the present 

 day further than that it affords proof that 

 definite results are more certain from arti- 

 ficial than from natural crosses. 



The following sorts are all claimed as the 



