276 ROUGH WA YS MADE SMOOTH. 



passed in the former. Lastly, in Sergeant F.'s case we have 

 to deal with the effect of an injury to the brain, and find a 

 much greater difference between the two conditions than in 

 the other cases. Not only does the man change in character, 

 but it may justly be said that he is little more than an 

 animal, even if he can be regarded as more than a mere 

 automaton while in the abnormal condition. We find that 

 a similar variety characterises other stories of double con- 

 sciousness. Not only are no two cases closely alike, but no 

 case has been noted which has not been distinguished by 

 some very marked feature from all others. 



Thus, although in certain respects the case we have 

 next to consider resembles very significantly the case of 

 Sergeant F., it also has a special significance of its own, and 

 may help us to interpret the general problem presented to 

 us by the phenomena of dual consciousness. I abridge, 

 and in some respects simplify, the account given by Dr. 

 Carpenter in his interesting treatise on Mental Physiology. 

 Comments of my own are distinguished from the abridged 

 narrative by being placed within brackets : 



A young woman of robust constitution had narrowly 

 escaped drowning. She was insensible for six hours, and 

 continued unwell after being restored to animation. Ten 

 days later she was seized with a fit of complete stupor, 

 which lasted four hours ; when she opened her eyes she 

 seemed to recognise no one, and appeared to be utterly 

 deprived of the senses of hearing, taste, and smell, as well 

 as of the power of speech. Sight and touch remained, but 

 though movements were excited and controlled by these 

 senses, they seemed to arouse no ideas in her mind. In 

 fact, her mental faculties seemed entirely suspended. Her 

 vision at short distances was quick, and the least touch 

 startled her ; but unless she was touched or an object were 

 placed where she could not help seeing it, she took no 

 notice of what was passing around her. [It does not appear 

 to me certain that at this stage of her illness she saw in the 

 ordinary sense of the word ; the sense of touch may alone 



