166 THE ROYAL FORESTS OF ENGLAND 



it became a great temptation to the farmers to increase their 

 stocks, to the serious detriment of the deer. Temporary 

 booths or sheds were erected on the great upland pasture 

 grounds of the forest for the occasional use of the herdsmen 

 of the vallaries. Particularly was this the case above Edale. 

 This is the explanation of the term "Booth" not infrequently 

 found on the Ordnance Survey maps. Near Edale may 

 be noticed Booth, Barbery Booth, and Upper Booth ; above 

 Hollinsclough is another Booth ; and elsewhere occur Grinds- 

 brook Booth, Otterbrook Booth, and Netherbrook Booth. On 

 the other hand, Oxhey and Cowhey, on Ronksley Moor, Cow- 

 heys, near Ludworth, and Oxhay, near Eyam, speak of definite 

 enclosures for cattle. 



The ministers' accounts of the Duchy of Lancaster, from the 

 reign of Richard II. onwards, supply various interesting par- 

 ticulars as to receipts and expenditure in administering the 

 affairs of the forest and bailiwick of the High Peak. The 

 accounts for 1391-2, when Thomas de Wednesley was receiver 

 and bailiff, include, in addition to rents from towns and wastes, 

 and payments for a summer and winter herbage, for lead ore, 

 mills and fisheries, 6 13$. ^d. for passage and stallage and 

 toll for cows at Chapel-en-le-Frith, 25^. for pannage of pigs, 

 and 37-s 1 . 6d. for agistment. 



A court (turnus) was held at Tideswell on ist August, 1398, 

 under Sir John Cokayne as chief steward, when the jury made 

 presentments as to lands of the abbeys of Basingwerk and 

 Lilleshall and the priory of Fenton. John de Sale, boothman 

 (herdsman) of Edale, was presented for receiving two marks 

 for the sale of wood. Other charges were the enclosing of a 

 piece of waste at Whitehall bridge, and the making a weir at 

 Rydale. The foresters also presented several cases of venison 

 trespass. 



The main items of the accounts for 1404-5 closely approxi- 

 mate to the one just cited, but there is a fresh sub-heading, 

 namely, " new herbage," for which .30 was received. This 

 must refer to some extensive new clearing or assart ; it was at 

 Stokehill, in the Hopedale ward of the forest, and is described 

 as formerly pertaining to Welbeck abbey, but then to the 

 nuns of Derby. This year the perquisites or fines from the 

 various courts amounted to ^56 us. 2.d. Two small but in- 



