BRAZIL AND THE EAST COMPARED 127 



To this must be added the following expenses to date 

 of sale in Europe : 



Pence. 



1. Freight 075 



2. Brokerage 0*25 



3. Sundry charges 175 



4. Commission 0*25 



3*00 



This brings the total cost up to date of sale to is. lod. 

 per pound. 



In Brazil the cost per pound of rubber up to date of 



sale in 1913 was 



Pence. 



1. Freight to Manaos or Para ... ro 



2. Commission and charges 1*8 



3. Administration and owners' disbursements 6*4 



4. Cost of maintenance of collector delivering 



750 pounds of rubber 117 



5. Duties 4*9 



6. Freight and charges to Europe to date of sale 2*5 



28-3 



For the purposes of this calculation, the average value 

 of all qualities of rubber is taken at as. 7d. per pound 

 sold in London. 



It is stated on good authority that as the trees grow 

 older and yield more freely, and the expense of weeding 

 diminishes, the costs in the Orient can be reduced to a 

 substantial extent, and that these factors, combined 

 with a lower range of prices affecting all ad valorem 

 charges, will enable an average cost of is. 3d. to be 

 reached within five years. I see no reason to doubt 

 that this lower figure will be attained within the time 

 indicated, especially as it is already an accomplished 

 fact on many Ceylon properties. 



In the Amazon Valley a similar position can be 



