80 THE HOP. 



The method of laying out the yard is therefore 

 much the same everywhere, though the methods of 

 training the vines are almost "too numerous to men- 

 tion." It is important, in any system of training, that 

 the rows be perfectly straight to facilitate clean culture. 

 Now, let us assume that the field is ready for stak- 

 ing out . 



Set plain, distinct posts at the four corners of the 

 plat; then take a long wire with a stake at each end, 

 and at a distance of every seven feet tie a piece of flan- 

 nel or cloth, to be easily seen. From one corner stake, 

 sight in a direct line to the other corner stake, pull the 

 wire tight and firmly set in the ground. Put in a peg 

 about a foot long at each marker on the line and then 

 again continue the line in the same way, pegging 

 until that side is pegged. Next, from that corner stake 

 and at right angles, take the side to the corner stake 

 at the other end of that side, as above described, peg- 

 ging as you go on. Then from each of these outside 

 rows of pegs, start to the other side, having set up a 

 stake to sight to, seven feet distant each time. When 

 both sides are thus completed, the field will be pegged 

 out as illustrated in Fig. 43. 



The land may be marked off similarly by a variety 

 of means. Mr. Clark writes: "Make a marker in the 

 form of a bob sled, with short runners of one and one- 

 half inch ash with a light shoe. Bore a hole through 

 the runners about a foot from the back end and about 

 two inches from the lower end, so as to be able to put 

 devices in to help make better marks. The top of the 

 marker should be made of stout i^-inch ash boards 

 for the driver to stand upon. Place an iron handle on 

 the center of the back so as to help in lifting the marker 

 around at the ends of the field to the center of the front 

 side. Fix an upright standard about four feet high for 

 the driver to take hold of; it will also serve as a guide. 

 After fixing on a pole for a pair of horses the marker 



