EXPENSES AND PKOFITS. 257 



signed their hops on advances of 2 to 2 1 /&c per Ib. and never 

 got another cent." 



OREGON: A Polk Co. Report For the first plowing 

 in spring, one man and two horses will plow four acres 

 a day, at $2 per day, which is 50c per acre. One man 

 and one horse will cultivate down five acres a day at $1.50 

 per day, or 30c per acre. Cross plowing will cost the same 

 a? first plowing, and cross leveling the same as first culti- 

 Drying hops, including wood and sulphur, Ic; pressing in- 

 over five acres* a day at a cost of 40c per acre; three addi- 

 tional cultivatings will cost the same each. Smoothing, or 

 clod smashing, both ways, one man and one horse, five acres, 

 or ten acres one way, will cost 30c per acre. It takes 12 Ibs. 

 of 10-ply cotton twine for an acre, at 12c per Ib. Putting on 

 twine, one man, five acres one way, costs 40c per acre twined 

 both ways. Land is worth $75 an acre, interest 8 per cent, 

 taxes $1.50 per acre, repairs and depreciation on tools $1.25. 

 Three sprayings will require 18 Ibs. quassia chips $1.08, 36 

 Ibs. whale-oil soap $1.80, labor $2, repairs 37c, total $5.25. 

 This gives us for one acre: 



Cultivating as above $3.60 



Hauling 40c, and setting stakes $2 2.40 



New stakes $1.50, twine and twining $1.84 3.34 



Hoeing and sprouting hills 3.00 



Training vines* four times , 6.00 



Pruning surplus vines 2.00 



Cleaning yard in fall 1.25 



Interest and taxes 7.90 



Spraying three times 5.25 



Total (about 2y 3 c per Ib. for 1,500 Ibs. of cured hops) $34.74 



Picking at 40c per box will cost about 3c per Ib., and 

 yard help (including delivering hops at kiln) V 8 c more, 

 vat ing. With disk harrow, one man and two horses will go 

 eluding hop cloth, five yards to the bale, at 8c, %c; insur- 

 ance, interest and repairs on plant, warehouse storage, etc., 

 Ic, making a total of harvesting expenses of 5^c a pound. 

 The crop will therefore cost the grower about 8c per Ib. 

 These figures are not the itemized expenses of any one 

 grower in any particular year, but will cover the average 

 cost for the last three years (1896-7 ^ of those who own 

 and work their own hop yards. "I do not think that any one 

 man's itemized expenses for any one year is a safe basis 

 from which to draw conclusions, as my hops have not cost 

 me exactly the same any two years." 



OREGOIST, Yamhill Co., T. W. F. My hop garden contains 

 20.37 acres, valued at $125 Der acre. The hills are eight 

 feet apart each way, a total of 12,915 hills. The poles 

 are fir and cost on the yard two cents apiece, or $258.30. The 

 kiln is an octagonal buildin?. 28 ft. each way in the clear, with 

 storeroom combined 20x24 ft; with furnace, piping and press, 

 it cost $910; 150 sacks $30, five measuring boxes of cedar, hold- 



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