68 A TREATISE ON HORSE-BREEDING. 



McGillivray records the following cases: A polled Angus 

 heifer bore her first calf to a Short-horn bull, and was then 

 served by a black polled Angus bull; but the calf resulting 

 from the last connection approached the Short-horn bull in 

 color and shape, and grew horns. Another polled Angus 

 cow was served by a cross-bred bull (one-fourth polled An- 

 gus, three-fourths Short-horn) and bore a cross. Next year, 

 though served by a pure black polled Angus bull, the result 

 was still a cross, .as shown by shape and color. 



Dr Wells, of Grenada, put a flock of white ewes to a choco- 

 late-colored, hairy ram, and the following year to a white 

 ram of their own breed, and yet the lambs got by the last 

 had the fleece more or less of a chocolate hue and largely 

 mixed with hair. Mr. Shaw, of Leochel Cushnie, Aberdeen, 

 divided his flock of black-faced Highland ewes, and had one 

 part served by a Leicester ram and the other by a South- 

 down. The next year he had all served by a ram of their 

 own race, but the lambs showed the persistent influence of 

 the English rams in their hornless heads and brownish faces. 

 Again, in the following year, they were served by a pure 

 black-faced ram, and there still resulted two hornless lambs, 

 two dun-faced, with very small horns, and three white-faced, 

 with horns quite rudimentary. 



Mr. Giles put a black-and-white Essex sow to a wild boar 

 of a deep chestnut color, and obtained a crossed litter, with 

 the color of the wild boar predominating in several. After 

 the wild boar had been dead some time this sow was put to 

 a black-and-white boar of her own breed and produced a 

 litter of pigs, some of which were distinctly marked with 

 chestnut. A second litter, by a boar of her own breed, again 

 showed the chestnut markings, which had hitherto been un- 

 known in the pure Essex. 



Among dog-fanciers it is a matter of notoriety that an 

 entire litter of pure-bred puppies cannot be expected from a 

 thoroughbred bitch which has once been lined by a dog of 

 another breed. This was noted by the French poet Jacques 

 Savery as early as the middle of the seventeenth century, 

 and is confirmed by writers on dogs generally. I will quote 

 but one example from Harvey: A pure Skye terrier, of a 



