228 A TREATISE ON HORSE-BREEDING. 



Bars 1st, while Pearl, the dam of Young Ba- 

 shaw, was a well-bred mare, she being by a 

 thoroughbred sire, out of Fancy by imported 

 Messenger. As to the blood of the dam of An- 

 drew Jackson we are left to conjecture. The 

 similarity of the foundation of these two races 

 of trotting horses is therefore quite apparent. 

 Count Orloff and his successor, V. T. Shiskin, 

 devoted themselves assiduously to the improve- 

 ment of these horses, selecting their stallions 

 exclusively from the foundation above alluded 

 to, but resorting frequently to English and 

 Dutch mares of known excellence; so that the 

 Orloff trotter, like the American, is of a mixed 

 origin, and neither the Arab, the Barb nor the 

 English thoroughbred can claim exclusive pa- 

 ternity in either case. Selection and crossing, 

 with a view to adaptation for a specific use, has 

 accomplished the work of creating in both 

 countries a race of trotting horses. Count Or- 

 loff was an intelligent enthusiast in the busi- 

 ness as all successful breeders have been and 

 he persistently refused to part with any of his 

 entire horses, preferring that he alone should 

 dictate the choice of sires to be used to per- 

 petuate and improve the race. After his death 

 the stud was scattered; a considerable portion 

 of it passed into the possession of the crown, 

 but several private studs were founded, and a 

 stud book was instituted to aid in the work of 



