DISEASES OF THE GENERATIVE ORGANS. 343 



the face of each clamp. In applying* the clamp over the 

 cord it should be drawn so close with pincers as to press out 

 all blood from the compressed cord and destroy its vitality, 

 and the cord applied upon the compressing clamps should be 

 so hard-twined that it will not stretch later and slacken the 

 hold. When the clamp has been fixed the testicle is cut off 

 one-half to one inch below it, and the clamp may be left thus 

 for twenty-four hours; then, by cutting the cord around one 

 end of the clamp the latter may be opened and the stump 

 liberated without any danger of bleeding. Should the stump 

 hang out of the wound it should be pushed inside with the 

 finger and left there. The wound should begin to discharge 

 white matter on the second day in hot weather, or the third 

 in cold, and from that time a good recovery may be ex- 

 pected. 



CONDITIONS FAVORABLE TO SUCCESSFUL, CASTRATION. 



The young horse suffers less from castration than the old 

 and very rarely perishes. Good health in the subject is all 

 important. Castration should never be attempted during 

 the prevalence of strangles, influenza, catarrhal fever, con- 

 tagious pleurisy, bronchitis, pneumonia, purpura haemorr- 

 hagica, or other specific disease, nor on subjects that have 

 been kept in close, illy ventilated, filthy buildings, where 

 the system is liable to have been charged with putrid bac- 

 teria or other products. Warm weather is to be preferred 

 to cold, but the fly-time should be avoided or the flies kept 

 at a distance by the application of a watery solution of tar, 

 carbolic acid or camphor to the wound. 



CASTRATION OF CRYPTORCHIDS (RIDGELINGS). 



This is the removal of a testicle or testicles that have 

 failed to descend into the scrotum, but have been detained in 

 the inguinal canal or inside the abdomen. The manipula- 

 tion requires an accurate anatomical knowledge of the parts, 

 and special skill, experience, and manual dexterity, and 

 cannot be made clear to the unprofessional mind in a short 

 notice. It consists, however, in the discovery and removal 

 of the missing gland by exploring through the natural .chan- 

 nel (the inguinal canal), or, in case it is absent, through the 



