122 



PRODUCTION 



(c) SWEDEN. 



From the point of view here taken, the only important part of 

 Sweden is the Southern Peninsula, comprising the old provinces 

 of Svealand and Gothland, and lying almost entirely south of 

 parallel 60 N. The agricultural and animal-rearing industries of 

 the country are largely concentrated in this southern section. 

 The northern and larger half of Sweden is of interest mainly in 

 connection with consumption. The population here, which is 

 engaged more particularly in mining and in the timber industry, 

 is to some extent of a migratory character. The small quantities 

 of rye and barley grown in the northern section and the equally 

 small numbers of cattle and sheep raised are probably quite insuffi- 

 cient to supply the needs of the population either in cereals or in 

 animal foodstuffs. The southern part of Sweden, on the other 

 hand, resembles the neighbouring area of Denmark in its agricul- 

 tural system. Both regions have specialised in dairying ; they 

 both import large quantities of cereals for human food, thus re- 

 serving a larger proportion of their available agricultural resources 

 for the maintenance of food-producing animals, and they both 

 supplement the local production of fodders and feedstuff s by im- 

 portations of concentrated feedstuffs from abroad. 



The chief difference between Sweden and Denmark in this can- 

 nection lies in the much greater extent of manufacturing industries 

 in the former, due to resources in timber, metals and water power, 

 which are not found in Denmark. The home market is, therefore, 

 much more important to Swedish agricultural producers than it is 

 to Danish. 



The net imports into Sweden in 1912 of the principal items among 

 the food cereals taken together amounted to over 2 million, while 

 the estimated net imports of feedstuffs directly or indirectly avail- 

 able for food-producing animals similarly amounted to over half 

 a million pounds in value. 1 The following table shows the imports 

 and exports of articles connected directly with animal industries : 



IMPORTS 



mill. 



Net imports of feed- 

 stuffs (estimated) -537 



Oils and fats -53 



Bacon and Beans ... -1 



1-17 



EXPORTS 



mill. 



Cattle -66 



Swine -01 



Dairy produce 2-56 



3-23 



In the business of animal industries there was thus a balance of 

 over 2 million excess exports, when allowance has been made for 

 the net imports of feedstuffs. When, however, the net imports of 



1 This figure is obtained by the method of taking co-efficients for differen 

 cereals, etc. See p. 33, above. 



