THE EMPIRE'S TRADE 309 



to be of Imperial production, and this would mean that a corres- 

 pondingly greater proportion of the offals obtained from wheat 

 milled in the United Kingdom will be ultimately derived from the 

 Empire. The commencement of an export trade in maize. from 

 South Africa in recent years gives ground for hoping that in the 

 future an appreciable part of the Empire's deficiency in maize 

 will be supplied from that source, more especially since, as above 

 noted, transport conditions are favourable. Moreover, there 

 appears to.be no essential reason why much larger quantities of 

 tropical oil-seeds and nuts from British West Africa, India, and 

 the Pacific Islands should not be imported in the future into the 

 United Kingdom to be treated there. 



By way of conclusion, some of the main points discussed above 

 may now be summarised. In order that the Empire's requirements 

 in foodstuffs and feedstuffs may be covered as far as possible from 

 its own resources, it appears desirable, in view of transport problems, 

 first, that as large a proportion as possible of the feedstuffs required 

 in the United Kingdom should be produced in that country ; second, 

 that its deficiency in feedstuffs should be drawn as far as possible 

 from the nearer sources in the Empire, especially from Canada, 

 while animal foodstuffs, rather than feedstuffs, should be drawn 

 from the more distant agricultural areas such as Australia and 

 New Zealand ; third, that all exports whether of foodstuffs or of 

 feedstuffs from South Africa to the United Kingdom should be 

 developed as much as possible ; and fourth, that much greater 

 use should be made by the Empire of its supplies of tropical oil- 

 seeds and nuts. The surplus production of Canada may be suffi- 

 cient in the near future to supply the Empire's deficiency in oats 

 and barley, and with that of India, in linseed also. Australia and 

 New Zealand, together with South Africa and Canada, if atten- 

 tion is given to improvements in live-stock, may be able to supply a 

 much greater proportion than at present of the Empire's deficiency 

 in beef, mutton, and dairy products, especially if cheese is used 

 more freely as a substitute for meat, and margarine for butter, in 

 the United Kingdom. There remain the great deficiencies in maize, 

 pig-meat and eggs. That of the former may be lessened somewhat 

 by an increased use of cakes and meals from tropical oil-seeds and 

 perhaps of barley also, while pigs and poultry might be reared in 

 much greater numbers in the most important cereal region of the 

 Empire, namely, Canada. Fortunately, it is precisely in pig-meat 

 and eggs that the United States has, or tends to have, a surplus, 

 so that any additional supplies arising from increased production of 

 these foodstuffs in Canada is not likely to be diverted to the Ameri- 

 can market. 



