GUIDE TO TIMBERS OF NIGERIA 81 



Parenchyma (a) comes out very boldly and prettily, forming 

 a partridge-feather pattern in places. 



Pith ? Sapwood ? Bark ? 



Density, No. 3615, 0-90, or about 60 Ib. per cu. ft, 



" Papapa." Not identified. 



Specimen No. 3614 received from the Government of Nigeria 

 (Lagos). 



GENERAL CHARACTERS. A very hard and heavy wood of a 

 brown colour of varying shade and tints. Surface clean ; 

 grain, medium, open and cross ; not cold to the touch. Shade 

 of the transverse section darker than that of the others. Smell, 

 none. 



STRUCTURE. Somewhat resembles that of Lophira procera 

 (compare fig. 1. PL II) on a smaller scale. 



Transverse section. (Prepared with the plane.) 



Parenchyma of one kind (a) only, sheathing the pores and 

 extending tangentially in undulating, concentric lines of 

 considerable length, sub-continuous, occasionally interrupted 

 and infrequently anastomosing ; just visible from their lighter 

 colour, which is brown ; very numerous and regular in spacing 

 at intervals of about twice the long diameter of a large pore ; 

 distribution uniform throughout the section ; proportion of 

 the mass of the wood (including the vessels) about one-fifth. 



Vessels visible (on a planed surface) as minute perforations ; 

 size uniform except in the groups ; 1-14 per mm. Simple 

 for the most part, many pairs, but few if any threes; shape, 

 slightly oval ; mostly empty. 



Rays just visible with lens, very fine and numerous ; weak 

 and undulating like silk threads, of one kind only ; colour 

 as the lines of parenchyma, but slightly darker ; number per mm. 

 22-28 ; at intervals of from two to three times their own 

 width ; proportion of the mass quite one-third. 



Ground-tissue-cells not visible with the macroscope ; very 

 deep sherry to deep brown colour and horny in appearance ; 

 proportion of the mass approximately one-third. 



Rings not traceable. 



Radial section very much resembles the tangential as the 

 rays are very obscure, visible under close observation as fine 

 dull lines or narrow flecks. Colour rather stripy. Parenchyma 



F 



